REVIEW: Negative Feedback of Glycolysis and Oxidative Phosphorylation: Mechanisms of and Reasons for It

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S. S. Sokolov¹, A. V. Balakireva², O. V. Markova¹, and F. F. Severin^1*

¹Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, 119991 Moscow, Russia; fax: +7 (495) 939-0338; E-mail: severin@belozersky.msu.ru

²Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, 119991 Moscow, Russia; fax: +7 (495) 939-4195

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Received December 25, 2014; Revision received January 26, 2015

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There are two main pathways of ATP biosynthesis: glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. As a rule, the two pathways are not fully active in a single cell. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of glycolytic inhibition of respiration (Warburg and Crabtree effects). What are the reasons for the existence of this negative feedback? It is known that maximal activation of both processes can cause generation of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative phosphorylation is more efficient from the energy point of view, while glycolysis is safer and favors biomass synthesis. This might be the reason why quiescent cells are mainly using oxidative phosphorylation, while the quickly proliferating ones – glycolysis.

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KEY WORDS: glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondria, Crabtree effect

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297915050065

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