REVIEW: Circular RNAs: Biogenesis, Functions, and Role in Myocardial Hypertrophy

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Natalia M. Baulina^1,2,a*, Ivan S. Kiselev^1,2, Olga S. Chumakova¹, and Olga O. Favorova^1,2

¹Chazov National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia

²Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia

Received May 30, 2023; Revised July 14, 2023; Accepted July 16, 2023

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of endogenous single-stranded covalently closed RNA molecules. High-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatic algorithms have identified thousands of eukaryotic circRNAs characterized by high stability and tissue-specific expression pattern. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs play an important role in the regulation of physiological processes in the norm and in various diseases, including cardiovascular disorders. The review presents current concepts of circRNA biogenesis, structural features, and biological functions, describes the methods of circRNA analysis, and summarizes the results of studies on the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the most common inherited heart disease.

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KEY WORDS: circRNA, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, backsplicing, competing endogenous RNA

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297924140013

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