REVIEW: Dysregulation of Immune Tolerance to Autologous iPSCs and Their Differentiated Derivatives

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Margarita E. Bogomiakova^1,2,a*, Alexandra N. Bogomazova^1,2, and Maria A. Lagarkova^1,3

¹Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia

²Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia

³Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia

Received October 12, 2023; Revised December 21, 2023; Accepted February 13, 2024

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Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), capable of differentiating into any cell type, are a promising tool for solving the problem of donor organ shortage. In addition, reprogramming technology makes it possible to obtain a personalized, i.e., patient-specific, cell product transplantation of which should not cause problems related to histocompatibility of the transplanted tissues and organs. At the same time, inconsistent information about the main advantage of autologous iPSC-derivatives – lack of immunogenicity – still casts doubt on the possibility of using such cells beyond immunosuppressive therapy protocols. This review is devoted to immunogenic properties of the syngeneic and autologous iPSCs and their derivatives, as well as to the reasons for dysregulation of their immune tolerance.

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KEY WORDS: induced pluripotent stem cells, immune response, immunogenicity, immunotolerance, T-cells, NK-cells, differentiation

DOI: 10.1134/S0006297924050031

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